Reference technical data for 20Cr4. Source edition: ISO 4954:2018 · Annex B. Read chemistry, delivery conditions and properties with their cited limits and notes. The applicable edition and acceptance requirements must be confirmed in the order technical agreement.
Supply and technical review · Creation Group accepts supply and technical review enquiries for this product. Dimensions, delivery condition, quantity and inspection documents are confirmed in the order technical agreement after review.
1. Delivery conditions and applicable requirements
Table B.1 – Combinations of heat-treatment condition at delivery, product form and applicable requirements
Delivery condition
Symbol
Wire rod
Bar
Wire
Hot rolled or peeled
+AR or +PE
X
X
X
Cold drawn
+AR+C
—
X
X
Cold drawn and spheroidize annealed
+AR+C+AC
—
X
X
Cold drawn, spheroidize annealed and lightly cold drawn
+AR+C+AC+LC
—
X
X
Spheroidize annealed or spheroidize annealed and peeled
+AC or +AC+PE
X
X
X
Spheroidize annealed and cold drawn
+AC+C
—
X
X
Treated to a ferrite-pearlite structure and specified hardness range
+FP
—
X
—
X = applicable; — = not applicable.
Other delivery conditions may be agreed at the time of order.
Applicable requirements according to the basis of order
Ordered with reference to steel names in the tables
Requirement
B.2, B.3, B.4 or B.5
Chemical composition according to B.2; mechanical properties according to B.3, B.4 and B.5.
B.2, B.3, B.4, B.5, B.6 or B.7
Chemical composition according to B.2; mechanical properties according to B.3, B.4 and B.5; hardenability values according to B.6 and B.7.
Supplementary or special requirements under Annex E apply if agreed at the time of enquiry and order.
Source: ISO 4954:2018, Table B.1, page 22. This table gives the standard relationship between product form, delivery condition and requirements; actual supply must be confirmed separately.
2. Chemical composition
Table B.2 – Chemical composition of case-hardening steels (cast analysis)
These are the standard’s reference requirements for cast analysis of 20Cr4, not analysis results for a particular heat. The order standard and requirements for raw material and finished product must be confirmed separately.
Element
Mass fraction, %
C
0.17–0.23
Si
≤0.30
Mn
0.60–0.90
P
≤0.025
S
≤0.025
Cr
0.90–1.20
Ni
—
Mo
—
B
—
Cu
≤0.25
Elements not listed must not be intentionally added without the purchaser’s agreement, except for finishing the heat. Appropriate precautions are required to prevent additions from scrap or other production materials of elements that could impair hardenability, mechanical properties or suitability.
Al of 0.020–0.050% may be added to improve cold-heading performance.
a: Single values are maximum limits unless otherwise indicated. A dash does not mean zero content.
b: For steels with hardenability requirements under Tables B.6 and B.7, small departures from the specified limits are permitted, except for sulfur and phosphorus. Departures must not exceed 0.01% for carbon or the values in Table 2 for the other elements.
c: A lower silicon content or a specified silicon range may be agreed at the time of order.
Source: ISO 4954:2018, Table B.2, page 23 (PDF page 29). The table and notes do not replace the complete standard.
3. Mechanical properties
Table B.5 – Mechanical properties of alloy steels
Steel name
Diameter
Delivery condition
+AC
+FP
+AR+C+AC
+AR+C+AC+LC
+AC+C
over, mm
up to and including, mm
Rm max., MPa
Z min., %
HB min.
HB max.
Rm max., MPa
Z min., %
Rm max., MPa
Z min., %
Rm max., MPa
Z min., %
20Cr4
2
5
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
20Cr4
5
10
—
—
—
—
540
60
580
60
640
55
20Cr4
10
40
640
60
—
—
540
60
580
60
640
55
Source: ISO 4954:2018, Table B.5, page 27. Rm is tensile strength; Z is reduction of area at fracture. HB denotes Brinell hardness where specified. The values apply only to the specified diameter intervals and delivery conditions.
4. Hardenability requirements
Table B.6 – Hardness limits for steels with normal hardenability (+H)
Steel name
Symbol
Austenitizing temperature, °C (±5 °C)
Limit
Hardness, HRC, at distance from the quenched end, mm
1.5
3
5
7
9
11
13
15
20
25
30
35
40
20Cr4
+H
900
max.
49
48
46
42
38
36
34
32
29
27
26
24
23
20Cr4
+H
900
min.
41
38
31
26
23
21-
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
Source: ISO 4954:2018, Table B.6, page 29.
Table B.7 – Hardness limits for steels with restricted hardenability bands (+HH and +HL)
Steel name
Symbol
Austenitizing temperature, °C (±5 °C)
Limit
Hardness, HRC, at distance from the quenched end, mm
1.5
3
5
7
9
11
13
15
20
25
30
35
40
20Cr4
+HH
900
max.
49
48
46
42
38
36
34
32
29
27
26
24
23
20Cr4
+HH
900
min.
44
41
36
31
28
26
24
22
—
—
—
—
—
20Cr4
+HL
900
max.
46
45
41
37
33
31
29
27
24
22
21
—
—
20Cr4
+HL
900
min.
41
38
31
26
23
21-
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
Source: ISO 4954:2018, Table B.7, page 31.
Source note: The original shows “21-” at 11 mm in the lower limit in B.6 and in the +HL row in B.7. The character sequence is retained as printed and requires clarification before use as a numerical requirement.
These values are standard references for the specified test conditions. They do not confirm availability, suitability for a particular cross-section or a production heat-treatment procedure. Delivery requirements require technical assessment.
TECHNICAL NOTE
Application and ordering note
Chemical composition, mechanical properties, delivery condition and other technical requirements are subject to the currently applicable standard edition, customer drawings and the order technical agreement. Website information does not replace formal quality certification documents.
RFQ CHECKLIST
What to include in the enquiry
Grade and applicable standard
Diameter or section, delivery condition and quantity
Part drawing, forming stations or failure photos, if available
Testing, certificate or report requirements
RELATED CAPABILITIES
Related manufacturing and quality capabilities
Carbon equivalent calculator — 20Cr4
Basis: ISO 4954
Chemical composition source: ISO 4954:2018
Transcribed from the cited standard
The technical data and chemical composition on this page cite ISO 4954:2018. Confirm the applicable contract edition separately; do not assume other editions are identical.
Original source wording
Table B.2
IIW / CEV
CEV = C + Mn/6 + (Cr + Mo + V)/5 + (Ni + Cu)/15Known-element contribution, not a complete value: 0.4500–0.6367
Missing elements: Mo, V, Ni
IIW/CEV: carbon and low-alloy steel weldability screening.
Pcm (Ito–Bessyo)
Pcm = C + Si/30 + (Mn + Cu + Cr)/20 + Ni/60 + Mo/15 + V/10 + 5BKnown-element contribution, not a complete value: 0.2450–0.3575
Missing elements: Ni, Mo, V, B
Pcm: mainly low-carbon, low-alloy steels; confirm applicability, particularly when C exceeds 0.11%.
CET
CET = C + (Mn + Mo)/10 + (Cr + Cu)/20 + Ni/40Known-element contribution, not a complete value: 0.2750–0.3925
Missing elements: Mo, Ni
CET: ferritic-steel preheat assessment; confirm EN 1011-2 conditions.
A stated upper limit means 0 to that limit. A lower limit alone does not define an upper bound. Missing elements are unknown, not zero. Standard-limit combinations are not measured heat results.
Carbon equivalent supports weldability assessment; it does not approve cold heading, fastener strength or a welding procedure. These formulas do not directly apply to stainless steels, cast irons or non-ferrous metals.
Same-grade reference does not establish standard equivalence, supply or substitution approval.
20Cr4 · ISO 683-3:2022
Chemical composition · Cast analysis
Mass fraction %; Table 3, page 17 of the user's PDF. Unlisted elements must not be treated as 0; intentional addition of unlisted elements is subject to the standard and ordering agreement.
Element
Mass fraction / %
C
0.17～0.23
Si
≤0.4
Mn
0.6～0.9
P
≤0.025
S
≤0.035
Cr
0.9～1.2
Cu
≤0.4
When A.4 is expressly selected in the order, Si≥0.15% may be agreed; the basic table still specifies Si≤0.40%.
Delivery conditions and hardness · Table 7
Brinell hardness. +S: treated to improve shearability; +A: soft annealed; +TH: treated to a specified hardness range; +FP: treated to a ferrite-pearlite structure; +N: normalized. “—” means no requirement is specified for that delivery condition.
Delivery condition
Brinell hardness requirement
+S
—
+A
≤197
+TH
149～197
+FP
—
+N
—
Heat treatment and test-piece conditions · Table 8
Item
Temperature / ℃
Austenitizing temperature for the end-quench test
900 ± 5
Carburizing temperature (guidance)
880～980
Direct and first quenching temperature (guidance)
820～860
Second quenching: core quenching temperature (guidance)
860～900
Second quenching: case quenching temperature (guidance)
780～820
Tempering temperature (guidance)
150～200
Except for the end-quench austenitizing temperature, carburizing, quenching and tempering temperatures are guidance values; the actual process must achieve the required properties. Guidance holding times are at least 30 minutes for austenitizing and at least 1 hour for tempering. Select the quenching medium according to product shape, cooling conditions and furnace load.
Hardenability conditions · Tables 5 and 6
Distance from the quenched end in mm; hardness in HRC. Apply only when the corresponding hardenability condition is specified in the order. “—” indicates that no limit is specified at that position.
+H · Normal hardenability
Limit / Distance mm
1.5
3
5
7
9
11
13
15
20
25
30
35
40
Maximum
49
48
46
42
38
36
34
32
29
27
26
24
23
Minimum
41
38
31
26
23
21
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
+HH · Restricted hardenability band
Limit / Distance mm
1.5
3
5
7
9
11
13
15
20
25
30
35
40
Maximum
49
48
46
42
38
36
34
32
29
27
26
24
23
Minimum
44
41
36
31
28
26
24
22
—
—
—
—
—
+HL · Restricted hardenability band
Limit / Distance mm
1.5
3
5
7
9
11
13
15
20
25
30
35
40
Maximum
46
45
41
37
33
31
29
27
24
22
21
—
—
Minimum
41
38
31
26
23
21
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
Permissible deviations in product analysis · Table 4
Element
Specified cast-analysis range / %
Permissible product-analysis deviation / %
C
0.07<C≤0.31
±0.02
Si
≤0.40
±0.03
Mn
≤1.00 / >1.00～1.65
±0.04 / ±0.06
P
≤0.025
+0.005
S
≤0.040
±0.005
Cr
≤1.80
±0.05
Mo
≤0.30 / >0.30～0.50
±0.03 / ±0.04
Ni
≤1.00 / >1.00～2.00 / >2.00～3.50
±0.03 / ±0.05 / ±0.07
Cu
≤0.40
+0.05
B
≤0.0050
±0.0003
“±” permits a deviation for a single cast above the upper limit or below the lower limit, in one direction only. Product-analysis deviations do not change the cast-analysis limits in Table 3.
Standard edition and ordering notes
ISO 683-3:2022; the user-supplied file is the EN ISO 683-3:2022 adoption. Requirements from different editions are listed separately; existing sources are retained.
The 2022 edition removes the minimum silicon content from Table 3. The basic requirement is Si≤0.40%; the minimum in Annex A.4 applies only as an expressly agreed ordering option.
Annex A.4 prints 15MnCrS5 and 18CrMo7-6, which differ from the grade designations in Table 3. This page does not silently correct them or assign a minimum silicon content automatically; additional requirements must be agreed by purchaser and supplier.
When ordered to hardenability requirements, Table 3, footnote a permits limited minor composition deviations: excluding P and S, C ±0.01%, and other elements within the Table 4 limits. These are not default ranges for ordinary orders.
High-sulfur or lead-added free-cutting variants apply only at the purchaser's request and subject to agreement; they do not replace the ordinary composition ranges shown here.
The standard covers products including wire rod. Finished cold-heading wire supply, processing and properties require technical review and order confirmation. — means not specified in this table, not 0.
Source comparison: reviewed by Codex against the standard supplied by the user. This webpage does not replace the official standard, order agreement or inspection certificate.
