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52100

4 source records. Standards, editions and conditions are presented separately; matching grade names do not establish interchangeability.

Refer to each source for mass fractions and analysis type. Missing values are not treated as 0. Manufacturer typical values, standard guarantees and measured heat results must remain separate. Use the material selector for calculations and condition selection.

Open condition selection, comparison and carbon-equivalent tools for 52100 →

52100 · SAE J404-2009

Chemical composition source verified; this does not verify every standard clause, actual supply or measured heat results

Material form
Reference record
Original record status
Original standard verified
Standard edition
SAE J404-2009
Table / clause
Table 1 and Notes 1–7
PDF page references
1、3、4

Carbon-equivalent reference

IIW / CEV:1.2417–1.4970Known-element contribution; incomplete value; missing V CEV = C + Mn/6 + (Cr + Mo + V)/5 + (Ni + Cu)/15; an engineering estimate of welding cold-cracking susceptibility for carbon and low-alloy steels.
Pcm(Ito–Bessyo):1.0150–1.1898Known-element contribution; incomplete value; missing V, B Pcm = C + Si/30 + (Mn + Cu + Cr)/20 + Ni/60 + Mo/15 + V/10 + 5B; mainly used for low-carbon low-alloy steels, particularly modern low-carbon pipeline steels; more relevant when C is approximately no higher than 0.11%.
CET:1.0225–1.2048 Independent-element envelope of standard ranges; not measured heat-analysis values CET = C + (Mn + Mo)/10 + (Cr + Cu)/20 + Ni/40; used in welding preheat assessment for ferritic steels, subject to the applicability conditions of EN 1011-2.

Composition record (conditional branches apply; this is not an unconditional requirement)

ElementComposition requirement
C0.93 ~ 1.05
Mn0.25 ~ 0.45
Si0.15 ~ 0.35
P≤ 0.025 (lower limit not stated)
S≤ 0.025 (lower limit not stated)
Cu≤ 0.35 (lower limit not stated)
Cr1.35 ~ 1.6
Mo≤ 0.06 (lower limit not stated)
Ni≤ 0.25 (lower limit not stated)

Applicability and limitations

Original SAE 52100 corresponds to UNS G52985; UNS is retained only as a search alias. ; Heat analysis wt%; Residual Cu≤.35%, Ni≤.25%, Cr≤.20% and Mo≤.06% are unspecified; explicit alloy ranges take precedence. ; Default and agreed P/S conditions are retained separately; Product-analysis tolerances under J409 require separate verification. ; Other Si ranges require agreement; Addition of Pb requires the L designation; ordinary grades do not include Pb. ; Required reporting of elements and reporting thresholds does not establish universal content requirements or zero content. ; Composition alone does not establish cold-heading suitability or supply availability. ; In this original-table row, all P/S are ≤.025%; Agreed widening for ordinary rows is not applied automatically.

Original condition-branch records

Table 1 default composition

ElementComposition requirement
C0.93 ~ 1.05
Mn0.25 ~ 0.45
Si0.15 ~ 0.35
P≤ 0.025 (lower limit not stated)
S≤ 0.025 (lower limit not stated)
Cu≤ 0.35 (lower limit not stated)
Cr1.35 ~ 1.6
Mo≤ 0.06 (lower limit not stated)
Ni≤ 0.25 (lower limit not stated)

Verification notes

All columns of Table 1 on PDF page 3 and footnotes on PDF page 4 visually checked.

52100 · ASTM A29/A29M-2012

Chemical composition source verified; this does not verify every standard clause, actual supply or measured heat results

Material category
Alloy steel
Subcategory
Alloy steel
Material form
Reference record
Original record status
Original standard verified
Standard edition
ASTM A29/A29M-2012
Table / clause
Table 2 · Notes 1–4; Footnotes A–C
PDF page references
1、5、6

Carbon-equivalent reference

Estimates are presented separately for each applicable composition condition. Match the actual ordering conditions; ranges must not be combined.

Si range listed in Table 2
IIW / CEV:1.2417–1.4970Known-element contribution; incomplete value; missing V CEV = C + Mn/6 + (Cr + Mo + V)/5 + (Ni + Cu)/15; an engineering estimate of welding cold-cracking susceptibility for carbon and low-alloy steels.
Pcm(Ito–Bessyo):1.0150–1.1898Known-element contribution; incomplete value; missing V, B Pcm = C + Si/30 + (Mn + Cu + Cr)/20 + Ni/60 + Mo/15 + V/10 + 5B; mainly used for low-carbon low-alloy steels, particularly modern low-carbon pipeline steels; more relevant when C is approximately no higher than 0.11%.
CET:1.0225–1.2048 Independent-element envelope of standard ranges; not measured heat-analysis values CET = C + (Mn + Mo)/10 + (Cr + Cu)/20 + Ni/40; used in welding preheat assessment for ferritic steels, subject to the applicability conditions of EN 1011-2.
Purchaser specifies Si≤0.10%, note A
IIW / CEV:1.2417–1.4970Known-element contribution; incomplete value; missing V CEV = C + Mn/6 + (Cr + Mo + V)/5 + (Ni + Cu)/15; an engineering estimate of welding cold-cracking susceptibility for carbon and low-alloy steels.
Pcm(Ito–Bessyo):1.0100–1.1815Known-element contribution; incomplete value; missing V, B Pcm = C + Si/30 + (Mn + Cu + Cr)/20 + Ni/60 + Mo/15 + V/10 + 5B; mainly used for low-carbon low-alloy steels, particularly modern low-carbon pipeline steels; more relevant when C is approximately no higher than 0.11%.
CET:1.0225–1.2048 Independent-element envelope of standard ranges; not measured heat-analysis values CET = C + (Mn + Mo)/10 + (Cr + Cu)/20 + Ni/40; used in welding preheat assessment for ferritic steels, subject to the applicability conditions of EN 1011-2.
Si range listed in Table 2; The Cu/Al/O limit in note B is separately specified
IIW / CEV:1.2417–1.4937Known-element contribution; incomplete value; missing V CEV = C + Mn/6 + (Cr + Mo + V)/5 + (Ni + Cu)/15; an engineering estimate of welding cold-cracking susceptibility for carbon and low-alloy steels.
Pcm(Ito–Bessyo):1.0150–1.1873Known-element contribution; incomplete value; missing V, B Pcm = C + Si/30 + (Mn + Cu + Cr)/20 + Ni/60 + Mo/15 + V/10 + 5B; mainly used for low-carbon low-alloy steels, particularly modern low-carbon pipeline steels; more relevant when C is approximately no higher than 0.11%.
CET:1.0225–1.2023 Independent-element envelope of standard ranges; not measured heat-analysis values CET = C + (Mn + Mo)/10 + (Cr + Cu)/20 + Ni/40; used in welding preheat assessment for ferritic steels, subject to the applicability conditions of EN 1011-2.
Purchaser specifies Si≤0.10%, note A; The Cu/Al/O limit in note B is separately specified
IIW / CEV:1.2417–1.4937Known-element contribution; incomplete value; missing V CEV = C + Mn/6 + (Cr + Mo + V)/5 + (Ni + Cu)/15; an engineering estimate of welding cold-cracking susceptibility for carbon and low-alloy steels.
Pcm(Ito–Bessyo):1.0100–1.1790Known-element contribution; incomplete value; missing V, B Pcm = C + Si/30 + (Mn + Cu + Cr)/20 + Ni/60 + Mo/15 + V/10 + 5B; mainly used for low-carbon low-alloy steels, particularly modern low-carbon pipeline steels; more relevant when C is approximately no higher than 0.11%.
CET:1.0225–1.2023 Independent-element envelope of standard ranges; not measured heat-analysis values CET = C + (Mn + Mo)/10 + (Cr + Cu)/20 + Ni/40; used in welding preheat assessment for ferritic steels, subject to the applicability conditions of EN 1011-2.

Composition record (conditional branches apply; this is not an unconditional requirement)

ElementComposition requirement
C0.93 ~ 1.05
Mn0.25 ~ 0.45
P≤ 0.025 (lower limit not stated)
S≤ 0.015 (lower limit not stated)
Si0.15 ~ 0.35
Cr1.35 ~ 1.6
Cu≤ 0.35 (lower limit not stated)
Ni≤ 0.25 (lower limit not stated)
Mo≤ 0.06 (lower limit not stated)

Applicability and limitations

Heat analysis chemical composition mass fraction wt%; Apply product-analysis deviations under Table 6 separately; do not add them to heat-analysis limits.. Table 2 Note 1: Cu/Ni/Cr/Mo not specified as alloying ranges are allowed to be ≤0.35/0.25/0.20/0.06% respectively; Explicit alloy ranges shall take priority. Note A: The purchaser may specify Si≤0.10%, which shall be treated as a different condition from the Si range listed in the table, and the union of the two shall not be taken. Note 4: Pb is 0.15–0.35% only when lead-bearing steel designated L is separately specified.; Ordinary grades do not automatically include Pb. This standard provides general requirements for hot-worked bar products and cannot be used to commit to cold-heading suitability or supply based solely on chemical composition. Note B: Cu≤0.30%, Al≤0.050%, O≤0.0015% only when separately requested by the purchaser; Retain separately from the basic delivery conditions..

Original condition-branch records

Si range listed in Table 2

ElementComposition requirement
C0.93 ~ 1.05
Mn0.25 ~ 0.45
P≤ 0.025 (lower limit not stated)
S≤ 0.015 (lower limit not stated)
Si0.15 ~ 0.35
Cr1.35 ~ 1.6
Cu≤ 0.35 (lower limit not stated)
Ni≤ 0.25 (lower limit not stated)
Mo≤ 0.06 (lower limit not stated)

Purchaser specifies Si≤0.10%, note A

ElementComposition requirement
C0.93 ~ 1.05
Mn0.25 ~ 0.45
P≤ 0.025 (lower limit not stated)
S≤ 0.015 (lower limit not stated)
Si≤ 0.1 (lower limit not stated)
Cr1.35 ~ 1.6
Cu≤ 0.35 (lower limit not stated)
Ni≤ 0.25 (lower limit not stated)
Mo≤ 0.06 (lower limit not stated)

Si range listed in Table 2; The Cu/Al/O limit in note B is separately specified

ElementComposition requirement
C0.93 ~ 1.05
Mn0.25 ~ 0.45
P≤ 0.025 (lower limit not stated)
S≤ 0.015 (lower limit not stated)
Si0.15 ~ 0.35
Cr1.35 ~ 1.6
Cu≤ 0.3 (lower limit not stated)
Ni≤ 0.25 (lower limit not stated)
Mo≤ 0.06 (lower limit not stated)
Al≤ 0.05 (lower limit not stated)
O≤ 0.0015 (lower limit not stated)

Purchaser specifies Si≤0.10%, note A; The Cu/Al/O limit in note B is separately specified

ElementComposition requirement
C0.93 ~ 1.05
Mn0.25 ~ 0.45
P≤ 0.025 (lower limit not stated)
S≤ 0.015 (lower limit not stated)
Si≤ 0.1 (lower limit not stated)
Cr1.35 ~ 1.6
Cu≤ 0.3 (lower limit not stated)
Ni≤ 0.25 (lower limit not stated)
Mo≤ 0.06 (lower limit not stated)
Al≤ 0.05 (lower limit not stated)
O≤ 0.0015 (lower limit not stated)

A condition branch must be selected

Yes

Verification notes

Table 2 and footnotes in the official 2012 original have been checked; select Si and the applicable purchasing conditions.

52100 · AGT2282, January 2013 (Acument procurement specification)

Chemical composition source verified; this does not verify every standard clause, actual supply or measured heat results

Material category
Alloy steel
Subcategory
Alloy steel
Material form
Wire rod and bars
Original record status
Manufacturer source verified
Document edition
January 2013
Document title
AGT2282 Carbon & Alloy Steel Specification
Table / clause
6.2
PDF page references
5、7
Unit
Mass fraction (wt%)
Analysis type
Heat analysis
Manufacturer
Acument Global Technologies (AGT)

Carbon-equivalent reference

Estimate from manufacturer-published ranges, not a standard guarantee or measured heat result; formula applicability requires review against the application and process.

IIW / CEV:1.2817–1.5097Known-element contribution; incomplete value; missing V, Cu CEV = C + Mn/6 + (Cr + Mo + V)/5 + (Ni + Cu)/15; an engineering estimate of welding cold-cracking susceptibility for carbon and low-alloy steels.
Pcm(Ito–Bessyo):1.0575–1.2068Known-element contribution; incomplete value; missing Si, Cu, V, B Pcm = C + Si/30 + (Mn + Cu + Cr)/20 + Ni/60 + Mo/15 + V/10 + 5B; mainly used for low-carbon low-alloy steels, particularly modern low-carbon pipeline steels; more relevant when C is approximately no higher than 0.11%.
CET:1.0700–1.2315Known-element contribution; incomplete value; missing Cu CET = C + (Mn + Mo)/10 + (Cr + Cu)/20 + Ni/40; used in welding preheat assessment for ferritic steels, subject to the applicability conditions of EN 1011-2.

Composition

ElementComposition requirement
C0.98 ~ 1.1
Mn0.25 ~ 0.45
P≤ 0.02 (lower limit not stated)
S≤ 0.02 (lower limit not stated)
Ni≤ 0.1 (lower limit not stated)
Cr1.3 ~ 1.6
Mo≤ 0.04 (lower limit not stated)

Applicability and limitations

Historical procurement specification Acument AGT2282 January 2013, PDF page 7, Table 6.2; Heat composition wt%, condition SKFG. References for additional requirements outside the table and total residual content remain unresolved; displayed for reference only and excluded from limit-based reverse matching; Not guaranteed standard limits or heat-specific measurements.

Composition conditions

Conditional requirement

Processing and delivery conditions

SKFG

52100 · ASTM A29/A29M-2023

Chemical composition source verified; this does not verify every standard clause, actual supply or measured heat results

Material category
Alloy steel
Subcategory
Alloy steel
Material form
Reference record
Original record status
Original standard verified
Standard edition
ASTM A29/A29M-2023
Table / clause
Table 2 · Notes 1–4; Footnotes A–C
PDF page references
7
Unit
Mass fraction (wt%)
Analysis type
Heat analysis (composition ranges and limits in the original table)

Carbon-equivalent reference

Estimates are presented separately for each applicable composition condition. Match the actual ordering conditions; ranges must not be combined.

Si range listed in Table 2
IIW / CEV:1.2417–1.4970Known-element contribution; incomplete value; missing V CEV = C + Mn/6 + (Cr + Mo + V)/5 + (Ni + Cu)/15; an engineering estimate of welding cold-cracking susceptibility for carbon and low-alloy steels.
Pcm(Ito–Bessyo):1.0150–1.1898Known-element contribution; incomplete value; missing V, B Pcm = C + Si/30 + (Mn + Cu + Cr)/20 + Ni/60 + Mo/15 + V/10 + 5B; mainly used for low-carbon low-alloy steels, particularly modern low-carbon pipeline steels; more relevant when C is approximately no higher than 0.11%.
CET:1.0225–1.2048 Independent-element envelope of standard ranges; not measured heat-analysis values CET = C + (Mn + Mo)/10 + (Cr + Cu)/20 + Ni/40; used in welding preheat assessment for ferritic steels, subject to the applicability conditions of EN 1011-2.
Purchaser specifies Si≤0.10%, Table 2 note A
IIW / CEV:1.2417–1.4970Known-element contribution; incomplete value; missing V CEV = C + Mn/6 + (Cr + Mo + V)/5 + (Ni + Cu)/15; an engineering estimate of welding cold-cracking susceptibility for carbon and low-alloy steels.
Pcm(Ito–Bessyo):1.0100–1.1815Known-element contribution; incomplete value; missing V, B Pcm = C + Si/30 + (Mn + Cu + Cr)/20 + Ni/60 + Mo/15 + V/10 + 5B; mainly used for low-carbon low-alloy steels, particularly modern low-carbon pipeline steels; more relevant when C is approximately no higher than 0.11%.
CET:1.0225–1.2048 Independent-element envelope of standard ranges; not measured heat-analysis values CET = C + (Mn + Mo)/10 + (Cr + Cu)/20 + Ni/40; used in welding preheat assessment for ferritic steels, subject to the applicability conditions of EN 1011-2.
Si range listed in Table 2; The Cu/Al/O limit in Table 2, note B is separately specified
IIW / CEV:1.2417–1.4937Known-element contribution; incomplete value; missing V CEV = C + Mn/6 + (Cr + Mo + V)/5 + (Ni + Cu)/15; an engineering estimate of welding cold-cracking susceptibility for carbon and low-alloy steels.
Pcm(Ito–Bessyo):1.0150–1.1873Known-element contribution; incomplete value; missing V, B Pcm = C + Si/30 + (Mn + Cu + Cr)/20 + Ni/60 + Mo/15 + V/10 + 5B; mainly used for low-carbon low-alloy steels, particularly modern low-carbon pipeline steels; more relevant when C is approximately no higher than 0.11%.
CET:1.0225–1.2023 Independent-element envelope of standard ranges; not measured heat-analysis values CET = C + (Mn + Mo)/10 + (Cr + Cu)/20 + Ni/40; used in welding preheat assessment for ferritic steels, subject to the applicability conditions of EN 1011-2.
Purchaser specifies Si≤0.10%, Table 2 note A; The Cu/Al/O limit in Table 2, note B is separately specified
IIW / CEV:1.2417–1.4937Known-element contribution; incomplete value; missing V CEV = C + Mn/6 + (Cr + Mo + V)/5 + (Ni + Cu)/15; an engineering estimate of welding cold-cracking susceptibility for carbon and low-alloy steels.
Pcm(Ito–Bessyo):1.0100–1.1790Known-element contribution; incomplete value; missing V, B Pcm = C + Si/30 + (Mn + Cu + Cr)/20 + Ni/60 + Mo/15 + V/10 + 5B; mainly used for low-carbon low-alloy steels, particularly modern low-carbon pipeline steels; more relevant when C is approximately no higher than 0.11%.
CET:1.0225–1.2023 Independent-element envelope of standard ranges; not measured heat-analysis values CET = C + (Mn + Mo)/10 + (Cr + Cu)/20 + Ni/40; used in welding preheat assessment for ferritic steels, subject to the applicability conditions of EN 1011-2.

Composition record (conditional branches apply; this is not an unconditional requirement)

ElementComposition requirement
C0.93 ~ 1.05
Mn0.25 ~ 0.45
P≤ 0.025 (lower limit not stated)
S≤ 0.015 (lower limit not stated)
Si0.15 ~ 0.35
Cr1.35 ~ 1.6
Cu≤ 0.35 (lower limit not stated)
Ni≤ 0.25 (lower limit not stated)
Mo≤ 0.06 (lower limit not stated)

Applicability and limitations

Original ASTM A29/A29M-2023, Table 2: the basic table gives heat-analysis mass fractions wt%; Product-analysis tolerances require separate confirmation under 4.3 and Table 6 and are not added to heat-analysis limits. When 4.1.1 is ordered by a grade in this table, the corresponding heat-analysis limits must be met; Other ordered compositions require separate agreement under 4.1.2 and Table 3/4 and are not merged into this table. General requirements for hot-worked bars; chemistry alone does not establish cold-heading suitability, supply or mechanical properties. Table 2 Note 1: For elements where no alloy range is specified, the residual upper limits for Cu/Ni/Cr/Mo are 0.35/0.25/0.20/0.06% respectively; The alloy range specified in this row shall take priority. Table 2, Note A: The purchaser may specify Si≤0.10%; select this condition separately from the Si range in this row, without combining their ranges.. Table 2 Note 4: When L lead-bearing grades are separately specified, Pb is 0.15–0.35%; When lead is added to the ladle stream, its cast/heat-analysis content cannot be determined; do not automatically create lead-bearing grade records or add lead to ordinary-grade compositions.. Table 2 Note B: Cu≤0.30%, Al≤0.050%, O≤0.0015% only when separately requested by the purchaser; Do not include in the default base table range.

Original condition-branch records

Si range listed in Table 2

ElementComposition requirement
C0.93 ~ 1.05
Mn0.25 ~ 0.45
P≤ 0.025 (lower limit not stated)
S≤ 0.015 (lower limit not stated)
Si0.15 ~ 0.35
Cr1.35 ~ 1.6
Cu≤ 0.35 (lower limit not stated)
Ni≤ 0.25 (lower limit not stated)
Mo≤ 0.06 (lower limit not stated)

Purchaser specifies Si≤0.10%, Table 2 note A

ElementComposition requirement
C0.93 ~ 1.05
Mn0.25 ~ 0.45
P≤ 0.025 (lower limit not stated)
S≤ 0.015 (lower limit not stated)
Si≤ 0.1 (lower limit not stated)
Cr1.35 ~ 1.6
Cu≤ 0.35 (lower limit not stated)
Ni≤ 0.25 (lower limit not stated)
Mo≤ 0.06 (lower limit not stated)

Si range listed in Table 2; The Cu/Al/O limit in Table 2, note B is separately specified

ElementComposition requirement
C0.93 ~ 1.05
Mn0.25 ~ 0.45
P≤ 0.025 (lower limit not stated)
S≤ 0.015 (lower limit not stated)
Si0.15 ~ 0.35
Cr1.35 ~ 1.6
Cu≤ 0.3 (lower limit not stated)
Ni≤ 0.25 (lower limit not stated)
Mo≤ 0.06 (lower limit not stated)
Al≤ 0.05 (lower limit not stated)
O≤ 0.0015 (lower limit not stated)

Purchaser specifies Si≤0.10%, Table 2 note A; The Cu/Al/O limit in Table 2, note B is separately specified

ElementComposition requirement
C0.93 ~ 1.05
Mn0.25 ~ 0.45
P≤ 0.025 (lower limit not stated)
S≤ 0.015 (lower limit not stated)
Si≤ 0.1 (lower limit not stated)
Cr1.35 ~ 1.6
Cu≤ 0.3 (lower limit not stated)
Ni≤ 0.25 (lower limit not stated)
Mo≤ 0.06 (lower limit not stated)
Al≤ 0.05 (lower limit not stated)
O≤ 0.0015 (lower limit not stated)

A condition branch must be selected

Yes

Verification notes

Existing OCR of the four-page, 190-row original 2023 table was parsed cell by cell. All values were screened for differences against independent 2012 data and checked against the original 2023 images and footnotes; no values were filled from the older edition.
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