35SPB20
3 source records. Standards, editions and conditions are presented separately; matching grade names do not establish interchangeability.
Refer to each source for mass fractions and analysis type. Missing values are not treated as 0. Manufacturer typical values, standard guarantees and measured heat results must remain separate. Use the material selector for calculations and condition selection.
Open condition selection, comparison and carbon-equivalent tools for 35SPB20 →35SPb20 · EN ISO 683-4-2018
Chemical composition source verified; this does not verify every standard clause, actual supply or measured heat results
- Material category
- Free-cutting steel
- Subcategory
- Free-cutting steel
- Material form
- Free-cutting steel semi-finished products, bars and wire rod; see delivery-state and dimensional conditions
- Original record status
- Original standard verified
- Standard edition
- EN ISO 683-4:2018
- Table / clause
- Table 2 and notes a–c; Table 3; 1,6.3,7.1,7.3
- PDF page references
- 1、5、7、10、13、14、15
- Unit
- Mass fraction (wt%)
- Analysis type
- Heat analysis
Carbon-equivalent reference
Composition
| Element | Composition requirement |
|---|---|
| C | 0.32 ～ 0.39 |
| Si | ≤ 0.4 (lower limit not stated) |
| Mn | 0.7 ～ 1.1 |
| P | ≤ 0.06 (lower limit not stated) |
| S | 0.15 ～ 0.25 |
| Pb | 0.15 ～ 0.35 |
Applicability and limitations
Based on the official EN ISO683-4:2018 text, consulted as DIN EN ISO683-4:2018-09; The European foreword confirms the adoption of ISO683-4:2016 without modification; 2018 is the EN adoption version year, while the adopted ISO version remains 2016. The scope includes semi-finished products, bar products, and wire rod of the free-cutting steels listed in Table 2; Bright bars shall refer separately to ISO683-18; standards for different products shall not be automatically conflated. Table 2 is for heat analysis; Verify Table 3 permissible product-analysis deviations separately only when required at ordering; deviations for the same heat must not exceed both the upper and lower limits in opposite ± directions. Grades containing Pb and grades without Pb shall be recorded separately; dashes shall not be filled as 0. The default low Si value for the non-heat-treated group shall be kept separate from the agreed Si 0.10–0.40% under special oxide guarantees; P shall be selected from a default maximum of 0.11%, an agreed range of 0.06–0.11%, or an agreed maximum of 0.05%; agreed conditions shall not be adopted automatically. Elements not listed shall not be intentionally added without the buyer's consent (except additions needed to finish steelmaking); Additions to improve machinability, such as Ca, Se, and Te, must be agreed upon and reported in the inspection documents; the complete carbon equivalent shall not be calculated based on missing items. Table 1: Untreated +U applies to semi-finished products, bar products, and wire rod; +QT delivery condition applies only to bar products listed in Table 1. Agreed properties for untreated products based on reference samples after heat treatment do not mean that wire rod has been quenched and tempered upon delivery. +U hardness in Tables 4–6 shall be kept separate from the tensile strength used for dispute arbitration; In case of dispute, determination shall be based on tensile strength; properties after quenching and tempering shall not be used to replace the untreated delivery condition. No values are listed for the first and last diameter intervals of +QT for 35SMn20/35SMnPb20 in Table 6; dashes shall not be filled as 0 or extrapolated from adjacent diameters; Parentheses for the first two hardness levels of the 44SMn28 group shall be retained as per the original text; the meaning of parentheses and the guarantee range shall be verified separately. Tensile specimens shall be according to Table 7 and ISO6892-1, with a proportional gauge length L0=5.65√S0; Sampling location, cross-section, inspection lot, and inspection document requirements shall be verified separately. According to 7.3, welding is generally not recommended for high S/P free-cutting steels; Suitability for cold heading or other cold forming must also be confirmed in conjunction with the actual material and agreement; material retrieval does not equal processing suitability or supply guarantee.
Verification notes
EN ISO683-4:2018, Table 2 and the agreed P/Si condition have been checked; The edition adopted by ISO is 2016; view properties by the selected delivery condition and diameter.Rules for applying product-analysis deviations
- Source table
- Table 3
- Analysis type
- Product analysis only
- C
- Heat-analysis upper limit does not exceed
- 0.3
- Permitted positive deviation
- 0.02
- Permitted negative deviation
- 0.02
- Heat-analysis upper limit greater than
- 0.3
- Heat-analysis upper limit does not exceed
- 0.5
- Permitted positive deviation
- 0.03
- Permitted negative deviation
- 0.03
- Si
- Heat-analysis upper limit does not exceed
- 0.05
- Permitted positive deviation
- 0.01
- Permitted negative deviation
- 0.01
- Heat-analysis upper limit greater than
- 0.05
- Heat-analysis upper limit does not exceed
- 0.4
- Permitted positive deviation
- 0.03
- Permitted negative deviation
- 0.03
- Mn
- Heat-analysis upper limit does not exceed
- 1.0
- Permitted positive deviation
- 0.04
- Permitted negative deviation
- 0.04
- Heat-analysis upper limit greater than
- 1.0
- Heat-analysis upper limit does not exceed
- 1.7
- Permitted positive deviation
- 0.06
- Permitted negative deviation
- 0.06
- P
- Heat-analysis upper limit does not exceed
- 0.06
- Permitted positive deviation
- 0.008
- Permitted negative deviation
- 0.008
- Heat-analysis upper limit greater than
- 0.06
- Heat-analysis upper limit does not exceed
- 0.11
- Permitted positive deviation
- 0.02
- Permitted negative deviation
- 0.02
- S
- Heat-analysis upper limit does not exceed
- 0.33
- Permitted positive deviation
- 0.03
- Permitted negative deviation
- 0.03
- Heat-analysis upper limit greater than
- 0.33
- Heat-analysis upper limit does not exceed
- 0.4
- Permitted positive deviation
- 0.04
- Permitted negative deviation
- 0.04
- Pb
- Heat-analysis upper limit does not exceed
- 0.35
- Permitted positive deviation
- 0.03
- Permitted negative deviation
- 0.02
- Both positive and negative deviations are permitted for the same heat
- No
- Used to relax heat-analysis requirements
- No
35SPb20 · EN 10087-1998
Chemical composition source verified; this does not verify every standard clause, actual supply or measured heat results
- Material category
- Free-cutting steel
- Material form
- Free-cutting steel semi-finished products, bars and wire rod; delivery state according to the standard and order
- Original record status
- Original standard verified
- Standard edition
- EN 10087:1998
- Table / clause
- Table 1 and footnote a/b
- PDF page references
- 1、6
- Unit
- Mass fraction (wt%)
- Analysis type
- Heat analysis
Carbon-equivalent reference
Composition
| Element | Composition requirement |
|---|---|
| C | 0.32 ～ 0.39 |
| Si | ≤ 0.4 (lower limit not stated) |
| Mn | 0.7 ～ 1.1 |
| P | ≤ 0.06 (lower limit not stated) |
| S | 0.15 ～ 0.25 |
| Pb | 0.15 ～ 0.35 |
Applicability and limitations
Original 1998 edition Table 1 gives cast analysis in mass percent wt%; unlisted elements are not zero.
Permissible product-analysis deviations in Table 2 cannot be added to Table 1 cast-analysis limits.
This standard covers free-cutting steel bars, wire rod and semi-finished products; specific delivery/heat treatment and cold-heading suitability require separate verification.
Verification notes
EN 10087:1998 scanned original, Table 1, row 9 visually checked; independent of EN ISO 683-4:2018.Mechanical-property conditions selected by size and delivery condition
EN10087:1998 · Tables 3–5 and footnotes, 6.2, 8.2.1.1, Table 8, B.1/B.4; Guideline values in Tables 6/7 are not process recommendations · PDF pages 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12
| Applicable conditions | Tensile strength Rm（N/mm²） | Yield strength Re（source table: 0.2% proof stress；N/mm²） | Elongation after fracture A（%；L₀=5d₀） | Brinell hardness HB（reference only; not an independent acceptance guarantee） |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Untreated condition · 5 ≤ d ≤ 10 mm | 550 ～ 720 | Not listed in the original table or not applicable to this condition; do not substitute 0 | Not listed in the original table or not applicable to this condition; do not substitute 0 | Not listed in the original table or not applicable to this condition; do not substitute 0 |
| Quenched-and-tempered delivery (must be adopted in the order) · 5 ≤ d ≤ 10 mm | 630 ～ 780 | ≥ 430 (upper limit not stated) | ≥ 15 (upper limit not stated) | Not listed in the original table or not applicable to this condition; do not substitute 0 |
| Untreated condition · 10 < d ≤ 16 mm | 550 ～ 700 | Not listed in the original table or not applicable to this condition; do not substitute 0 | Not listed in the original table or not applicable to this condition; do not substitute 0 | Not listed in the original table or not applicable to this condition; do not substitute 0 |
| Quenched and tempered delivery (must be specified in the order) · 10 < d ≤ 16 mm | 630 ～ 780 | ≥ 430 (upper limit not stated) | ≥ 15 (upper limit not stated) | Not listed in the original table or not applicable to this condition; do not substitute 0 |
| Untreated condition · 16 < d ≤ 40 mm | 520 ～ 680 | Not listed in the original table or not applicable to this condition; do not substitute 0 | Not listed in the original table or not applicable to this condition; do not substitute 0 | 154 ～ 201 |
| Quenched and tempered delivery (must be specified in the order) · 16 < d ≤ 40 mm | 600 ～ 750 | ≥ 380 (upper limit not stated) | ≥ 16 (upper limit not stated) | Not listed in the original table or not applicable to this condition; do not substitute 0 |
| Untreated condition · 40 < d ≤ 63 mm | 520 ～ 670 | Not listed in the original table or not applicable to this condition; do not substitute 0 | Not listed in the original table or not applicable to this condition; do not substitute 0 | 154 ～ 198 |
| Quenched and tempered delivery (must be specified in the order) · 40 < d ≤ 63 mm | 550 ～ 700 | ≥ 320 (upper limit not stated) | ≥ 17 (upper limit not stated) | Not listed in the original table or not applicable to this condition; do not substitute 0 |
| Untreated condition · 63 < d ≤ 100 mm | 500 ～ 650 | Not listed in the original table or not applicable to this condition; do not substitute 0 | Not listed in the original table or not applicable to this condition; do not substitute 0 | 149 ～ 193 |
| Quenched and tempered delivery (must be specified in the order) · 63 < d ≤ 100 mm | 550 ～ 700 | ≥ 320 (upper limit not stated) | ≥ 17 (upper limit not stated) | Not listed in the original table or not applicable to this condition; do not substitute 0 |
- Original Tables 3–5 of EN10087:1998; N/mm² is numerically equal to MPa, and diameter d is in mm. Only the listed round-section diameters 5–100mm are used; other shapes and unlisted sizes are not automatically converted.
- Clause 6.2 defaults to the untreated condition; quenched-and-tempered delivery must be specified in the order. If B.1 reference-specimen verification is ordered for another delivery condition, the results describe that specimen, not finished products that have not received the same treatment.
- Hardness HB in Tables 3–5 is for reference only and does not serve as an independent acceptance guarantee; In case of dispute, tensile strength shall prevail. The horizontal lines for hardness in the original table are retained as unspecified; they cannot be filled as 0 or supplemented by conversion values.
- Table 5 defines Re as yield strength (0.2% proof stress). The original symbol is retained; it is not automatically equated with other yield measures whose test method is unspecified.
- Table 5 elongation A uses the original L₀=5d₀; Table 8 proportional tensile specimens use L₀=5.65√S₀. Check the source specimen conditions; do not mix gauge lengths.
- Inspection scope under 8.2.1.1 and Table 8 depends on the ordered inspection certificate/report, delivery condition and applicable items. No claim is made that every test has been measured on every batch.
- Table 8: Tensile testing according to EN10002-1, sampling according to EN ISO377; Test units are divided by heat C, size D and heat-treatment batch T; normally 1 sample and 1 test per unit; For continuous heat treatment, take 1 sample per 25t or any portion below 25t, with at least 1 sample per heat.
- The original Table 8 Brinell method is EN10003-1. Sample round bars one diameter from the end; square/rectangular bars one thickness from the end and 0.25 times the thickness from the longitudinal edge. These hardness provisions remain informative.
- Product analysis deviations in Table 2 are separate from heat analysis in Table 1; Heat analysis composition, carbon equivalent, or reverse check matching have not been automatically relaxed. When product analysis is ordered under B.4, perform 1 analysis per heat; sampling follows ISO14284.
- Table 2 note a permits symmetrical deviations within one heat in only one direction, upward or downward, not both. Pb is +0.03/−0.02, not ±0.03.
- Tables 6/7 explicitly give heat-treatment temperatures as guidance; actual conditions must achieve the requirements. These guidance temperatures/times are not published here as production heat-treatment recommendations.
Welding limitations in the source standard
Due to higher sulfur and phosphorus content, free-cutting steels in this standard are generally not recommended for welding. Carbon equivalent calculation results do not constitute approval for weldability, welding processes, or material substitution.
EN10087:1998 · 7.2 · PDF page 4
Permitted product-analysis deviations (must not be added to heat-analysis limits)
EN10087:1998 · Table 2 and Note a, B.4 · PDF pages 6, 12 · mass fraction wt%; Deviations are expressed in percentage points of mass percentage
Product analysis only; does not modify heat composition or automatic calculation/matching boundaries. Applicable entries exist only for elements specified in the original table.
| Element | Specified maximum heat-analysis content, wt% | Lower deviation, percentage points | Upper deviation, percentage points | Applicable conditions |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| C | Specified maximum content ≤ 0.3 | -0.02 | +0.02 | Select the band for the specified maximum content in the original table |
| C | 0.3 < specified maximum content ≤ 0.5 | -0.03 | +0.03 | Select the band for the specified maximum content in the original table |
| Si | Specified maximum content ≤ 0.05 | The original table does not state a negative deviation | +0.01 | Select the band for the specified maximum content in the original table |
| Si | 0.05 < specified maximum content ≤ 0.4 | The original table does not state a negative deviation | +0.03 | Select the band for the specified maximum content in the original table |
| Mn | Specified maximum content ≤ 1 | -0.04 | +0.04 | Select the band for the specified maximum content in the original table |
| Mn | 1 < specified maximum content ≤ 1.7 | -0.06 | +0.06 | Select the band for the specified maximum content in the original table |
| P | Specified maximum content ≤ 0.06 | The original table does not state a negative deviation | +0.008 | Select the band for the specified maximum content in the original table |
| P | 0.06 < specified maximum content ≤ 0.11 | The original table does not state a negative deviation | +0.02 | Select the band for the specified maximum content in the original table |
| S | Specified maximum content ≤ 0.33 | -0.03 | +0.03 | Select the band for the specified maximum content in the original table |
| S | 0.33 < specified maximum content ≤ 0.4 | -0.04 | +0.04 | Select the band for the specified maximum content in the original table |
| Pb | Specified maximum content ≤ 0.35 | -0.02 | +0.03 | Select the band for the specified maximum content in the original table |
This is a complete standard deviation table and does not imply that every element for this grade is specified; Elements not listed are not added on the basis of this table. Symmetric deviation for the same heat is permitted in only one direction, either upward or downward; Asymmetric deviation for Pb is only found in the Pb row of EN10087 and cannot be applied to other standards where Pb is not listed. Do not automatically expand heat analysis composition, carbon equivalent, or reverse-lookup ranges.
35SPb20 · DIN EN 10277:2018-09
Original table in an informative annex verified; normative composition requirements and edition still require verification. For reference only.
- Material category
- Carbon steel
- Subcategory
- Free-cutting steel
- Material form
- Reference record
- Composition basis
- Heat analysis in an informative annex; for reference only
- Verification status
- Original table in an informative annex verified; normative composition requirements and edition still require verification
- Standard edition
- DIN EN 10277:2018-09
- Table / clause
- Informative Annex A.2
- PDF page references
- 44
- Unit
- mass fraction (wt%)
- Analysis type
- Heat analysis (informative reference)
Carbon-equivalent reference
Composition
| Element | Composition requirement |
|---|---|
| C | 0.32 ～ 0.39 |
| Si | ≤ 0.4 (lower limit not stated) |
| Mn | 0.7 ～ 1.1 |
| P | ≤ 0.06 (lower limit not stated) |
| S | 0.15 ～ 0.25 |
| Pb | 0.15 ～ 0.35 |
Applicability and limitations
The original informative-annex table has been checked and is for reference only. Clause 7.1.2 requires chemical composition to be determined under the cited standard; the formal normative composition and applicable edition remain unverified. Do not use it as a delivery guarantee, a reverse-search acceptance criterion or a basis for standard-range carbon equivalent.
Composition conditions
- The original informative-annex table has been checked and is for reference only. Clause 7.1.2 requires chemical composition to be determined under the cited standard; the formal normative composition and applicable edition remain unverified. Do not use it as a delivery guarantee, a reverse-search acceptance criterion or a basis for standard-range carbon equivalent.
- Unlisted elements must not be intentionally added without purchaser consent; Machinability-improving additions such as Ca/Se/Te require agreement and must be stated in the certificate.
- Footnote b: Si 0.10—0.40% is an agreed option for specific oxide control and does not replace the default Si maximum.
- Footnote c: P 0.06—0.11% or ≤0.05% requires agreement at enquiry or ordering; Default original-table values are not rewritten automatically.
Conditional requirement
- Footnote
- Informative boundary
- Source conditions
- The original informative annex table has been checked and is for reference only; Main-text 7.1.2 requires chemical composition to be determined under the referenced standards; the normative composition and applicable editions still require verification. It must not be used as a delivery guarantee, reverse-matching criterion or basis for carbon equivalent calculated from standard composition ranges. Main-text reference: EN ISO 683-4 (undated reference; applicable edition awaiting verification).
- Footnote
- Original-table condition 1
- Source conditions
- Unlisted elements must not be intentionally added without purchaser consent; Machinability-improving additions such as Ca/Se/Te require agreement and must be stated in the certificate.
- Footnote
- Original-table condition 2
- Source conditions
- Footnote b: Si 0.10—0.40% is an agreed option for specific oxide control and does not replace the default Si maximum.
- Footnote
- Original-table condition 3
- Source conditions
- Footnote c: P 0.06—0.11% or ≤0.05% requires agreement at enquiry or ordering; Default original-table values are not rewritten automatically.