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27SIMNA

2 source records. Standards, editions and conditions are presented separately; matching grade names do not establish interchangeability.

Refer to each source for mass fractions and analysis type. Missing values are not treated as 0. Manufacturer typical values, standard guarantees and measured heat results must remain separate. Use the material selector for calculations and condition selection.

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27SiMnA · GB/T 3077-2015

Chemical composition source verified; this does not verify every standard clause, actual supply or measured heat results

Material category
Alloy steel
Subcategory
Alloy structural steel
Material form
Reference record
Original record status
Original standard verified
Standard edition
GB/T 3077-2015
Table / clause
Tables 1 and 2; A/E designation rules in the endnote to Table 1

Carbon-equivalent reference

IIW / CEV:0.4233–0.6700Known-element contribution; incomplete value; missing V CEV = C + Mn/6 + (Cr + Mo + V)/5 + (Ni + Cu)/15; an engineering estimate of welding cold-cracking susceptibility for carbon and low-alloy steels.
Pcm(Ito–Bessyo):0.3317–0.4758Known-element contribution; incomplete value; missing V, B Pcm = C + Si/30 + (Mn + Cu + Cr)/20 + Ni/60 + Mo/15 + V/10 + 5B; mainly used for low-carbon low-alloy steels, particularly modern low-carbon pipeline steels; more relevant when C is approximately no higher than 0.11%.
CET:0.3500–0.5050 Independent-element envelope of standard ranges; not measured heat-analysis values CET = C + (Mn + Mo)/10 + (Cr + Cu)/20 + Ni/40; used in welding preheat assessment for ferritic steels, subject to the applicability conditions of EN 1011-2.

Composition

ElementComposition requirement
C0.24 ~ 0.32
Mn1.1 ~ 1.4
Si1.1 ~ 1.4
P≤ 0.02 (lower limit not stated)
S≤ 0.02 (lower limit not stated)
Cu≤ 0.25 (lower limit not stated)
Cr≤ 0.3 (lower limit not stated)
Ni≤ 0.3 (lower limit not stated)
Mo≤ 0.1 (lower limit not stated)

Applicability and limitations

GB/T 3077-2015 Table 1 gives ladle analysis; Table 2 gives P/S and residual-element requirements. The final note to Table 1 allows ordering any grade as higher or special quality by adding A or E after the grade; this record is higher-quality steel. For steel used in hot-pressure working, Cu ≤0.20%; the ordinary Cu maximum does not apply to this use. Explicit alloy ranges in Table 1 take priority; for Cr/Ni/Mo not specified there, use the residual limits in Table 2 and do not add residual limits on top of alloying-element ranges. Sn/Sb/As must be analyzed and recorded on the inspection certificate; any needed limits require agreement, and no generic numerical limits are invented here. Product-analysis deviations are handled separately under GB/T 222 and do not directly expand ladle limits. Mechanical properties depend on specimen dimensions and the recommended heat-treatment/delivery condition; this composition review does not constitute verification of properties.

Verification notes

Tables 1/2 and quality-grade rules checked

27SiMnA · GB/T 3077-1999

Chemical composition source verified; this does not verify every standard clause, actual supply or measured heat results

Material form
Reference record
Original record status
Original standard verified
Standard edition
GB/T 3077-1999
Table / clause
Table 1, item 8, note 2 and Table 2; 6.1.1.3
PDF page references
3、4、7、8

Carbon-equivalent reference

IIW / CEV:0.4233–0.6700Known-element contribution; incomplete value; missing V CEV = C + Mn/6 + (Cr + Mo + V)/5 + (Ni + Cu)/15; an engineering estimate of welding cold-cracking susceptibility for carbon and low-alloy steels.
Pcm(Ito–Bessyo):0.3317–0.4758Known-element contribution; incomplete value; missing V, B Pcm = C + Si/30 + (Mn + Cu + Cr)/20 + Ni/60 + Mo/15 + V/10 + 5B; mainly used for low-carbon low-alloy steels, particularly modern low-carbon pipeline steels; more relevant when C is approximately no higher than 0.11%.
CET:0.3500–0.5050 Independent-element envelope of standard ranges; not measured heat-analysis values CET = C + (Mn + Mo)/10 + (Cr + Cu)/20 + Ni/40; used in welding preheat assessment for ferritic steels, subject to the applicability conditions of EN 1011-2.

Composition

ElementComposition requirement
C0.24 ~ 0.32
Si1.1 ~ 1.4
Mn1.1 ~ 1.4
P≤ 0.025 (lower limit not stated)
S≤ 0.025 (lower limit not stated)
Cu≤ 0.25 (lower limit not stated)
Cr≤ 0.3 (lower limit not stated)
Ni≤ 0.3 (lower limit not stated)
Mo≤ 0.1 (lower limit not stated)

Applicability and limitations

Original 1999 edition heat analysis wt%; Save quality/high-quality A/extra-high-quality E and Table 2 phosphorus and sulfur residual requirements separately according to Table 1 Note 2. ; Clause 6.1.1.3: For hot-pressure working, Cu≤.20%.; If hot working is not specified, this restriction is not applied by default. ; 6.1.1.2 Residual W/V/Ti shall be analyzed and recorded in the quality certificate; specific limits are per requirement, and unspecified values shall not be filled as zero. ; Product processing methods shall be specified in the contract; Cold-heading suitability cannot be proven solely by alloy structural steel composition; delivery condition/hot upsetting/surface shall be verified separately. ; Finished product tolerances in Clause 6.1.2 shall be verified separately per GB222 and shall not expand the default heat analysis range.

Verification notes

Original 1/2 table and quality-class notes were visually checked
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